Vanity Fair Magazine Articles
Click Magazine Articles
Pathfinder Magazine Articles
Coronet Magazine Articles
The Atlantic Monthly Articles
Creative Art Magazine Articles
Vogue Magazine Articles
Collier's Magazine Articles
The Outlook Articles
Rob Wagner's Script Articles
The Spectator Articles
Think Magazine Articles
People Today Articles
The New Republic Articles
Harper's Bazaar Articles
YANK magazine Articles
American Legion Monthly Articles
American Legion Weekly Articles
Gentry Magazine Articles
Motion Picture Magazine Articles
Sea Power Magazine Articles
The Smart Set Articles
Current Opinion Magazine Articles
Delineator Magazine Articles
Confederate Veteran Magazine Articles
Photoplay Magazine Articles
Pageant Magazine Articles
The American Magazine Articles
flapper magazine Articles
Leslie's Magazine Articles
Quick Magazine Articles
Harper's Weekly Articles
La Baionnette Articles
Ken Magazine Articles
More from The Independent Articles
OMNIBOOKs Magazine Articles
PIC Magazine Articles
PM  Articles
Review of Review Articles
1950s Modern Screen Articles
Outing Magazine Articles
Saturday Review of Literature Articles
See Magazine Articles
Sir! Magazine Articles
Stage Magazine Articles
The Dial Magazine Articles
Art Digest Magazine Articles
The Masses  Articles
Life Magazine  Articles
Theatre Arts Magazine Articles
United States News Articles
The Crises Magazine Articles
National Park Service Histories Articles
The North American Review Articles
The Stars and Stripes Articles
Popular Mechanics Articles
Punch Magazine Articles
Direction Magazine Articles
The Bookman Articles
The Cornhill Magazine Articles
Men's Wear Articles
'47 Magazine Articles
'48 Magazine Articles
Times Literary Supplement Articles
Current Literature Articles
Film Spectator Articles
The Sewanee Review Articles
Book League Monthly Articles
The New York Times Articles
Film Daily Articles
The English Review Articles
The Atlanta Georgian Articles
Hearst's Sunday American Articles
Trench Warfare History Articles
The Nineteenth Century Articles

old magazine articles
old magazine article typewriter
Old Magazine Articles

World War One - Poison Gas


Gas Attack Horrors (NY Times, 1915)

French novelist Pierre Loti (né Julien Viaud: 1850 - 1923) filed this dispatch from a forward aid station in the the French sector where he witnessed the suffering of the earliest gas attack casualties:

"A place of horror which one would think Dante had imagined. The air is heavy, stifling; two or three little night lamps, which look as if they were afraid of giving too much light, hardly pierce the hot, smoky darkness which smells of fever and sweat. Busy people are whispering anxiously. But you hear, more than all, agonized gasping. These gaspings escape from a number of little beds drawn up close together on which are distinguished human forms, above all, chests, chests that are heaving too strongly, too rapidly, and that raise the sheets as if the hour of the death rattle had already come."

Click here to read about the new rules for warfare that were written as a result of the First World War - none of them pertain to poison gas.

 

Reconsidering Poison Gas as a Weapon (Current Opinion, 1925)

An article about J.B.S. Haldane (1892 – 1964), formerly a British combatant of the Great War who became a chemist (and pioneer geneticist) during the inter-war years studying not merely the effectiveness of poison gas but the question as to whether the weapon was more humane than bullets and artillery shells:

"The future lies with poisonous smoke made from arsenic compounds and with mustard gas. Of the latter, he says, it kills one man for every forty it puts out of action, whereas, shells kill one for every three."

His musings concerning atomic energy are referred to as are some of his quack-theories regarding the effects of gas warfare on people with dark skin.

 

In Defense Of Chemical Warfare (Reader's Digest, 1923)

This article is very different from the others posted in the W.W. I Poison Gas Warfare section of this site. The column is a spirited argument advocating for chemical weapons, recalling the productive roll they played in the Great War. It was written by General Amos A. Fries (1873 - 1963) who had commanded the U.S. Army Chemical Warfare units during the First World War:

"Poison gas is the most effective weapon mankind has ever devised. Will any nation with its back to the wall, and fighting for its life, hesitate to use it?"

 

Gassing The Germans (American Legion Weekly, 1922)

This is the story of the First Gas Regiment. It was organized at American University (Washington, D.C.) in August of 1917 and arrived in France in time to disperse noxious gas all over the Germans as they launched their March offensive in 1918:

"Company B of the First Battalion was the outfit that participated in the first show. The attack was launched on a two-mile front extending from Lens to Hill 70 near Loos, and held by the Canadians... It was a tough job. The nature of the work was graphically described by a Yankee buck, who said in a moment of disgust: 'This is a job for grave diggers, hod carriers and piano movers, instead of chemists, pipe fitters and mechanics."

 

The Blessings of Poison Gas (Literary Digest, 1927)

Having examined the collected data from the First World War, scientists and soldiers alike were drawing surprising conclusions as to the inefficiency of chemical agents in warfare. No doubt, it was articles such as this that lead to the decision not to use gas in the Second World War:

"Poisonous gas as used in warfare is 'a blessing, not a curse,' and makes for the future security and peace of the world'", declares J.E. Mills, of the U.S. Chemical Warfare Service

"...Theoretically one ton of mustard gas could kill 45,000,000 men. Actually one ton of mustard gas as used at the front caused about twenty-nine casualties, of which one died."

 

W.W. I Gas Shells of the German Army (Almanach Hachette, 1919)

It is often believed that the Germans were the first to use chemical weapons during the Great War, but historians like to point out that they were second to the French in this matter: in August of 1914, French infantry fired tear-gas grenades and in October, the Germans one-upped them with chemical artillery shells during the battle of Neuve Chapelle. However, the Germans are properly credited for being the first of the combatants to use chemical artillery with the most devastating effect. On April 22, 1915, the German Army hurled 520 gas shells at British and Canadian units in Belgium, killing five thousand and incapacitating ten thousand more. Following this historic incident, both sides began producing large amounts of gas shells and, of course, gas masks. The following is a black and white diagram depicting five different German gas artillery shells that were manufactured to be fired from a number of different guns of varying calibers.

 


MORE ARTICLES >>> PAGE: * 1 * 2 * 3 * > NEXT

 
© Copyright 2005-2024 Old Magazine Articles
   
 
  Home
  FAQs
  About Us
  Sitemap
  Citations
 Log In / Register
  Contact Us
  Legal Disclaimer
 


Click Here!

 
Recently Added Articles
 Abortion
 Advertising
 African-American History
 Ku Klux Klan
 Lynchings
 Agricultural Labor
 Albert Einstein
 American English
 Americana
 Americans Observed
 Aviation History
 Charles Lindbergh
 Women Pilots
 Zeppelins and Dirigibles
 Babe Ruth
 Benito Mussolini
 Ethiopia
 Cars
 1950s Cars
 Cartoons
 Child Labor
 China - Twentieth Century
 Sino-Japanese Wars
 Civil War History
  Abraham Lincoln
 Chronology
 Civil Behavior
 General Grant
 Gettysburg History
 Vicksburg
 Dance
 Design
 Diets of Yore
 Education
 European Royalty
 Duke of Windsor
 Elizabeth II
 F.D.R.
 Brain Trust
 Eleanor Roosevelt
 Supreme Court-Packing
 Faith
 Fashion
 1930s Fashion
 1940s Fashion
 1940s Men's Fashions
 1940s Modeling
 1950s Fashion
 Cosmetic Surgery
 Cosmetics
 Flappers
 Men's Fashion
 The New Look
 First Nations
 Food and Wine
 Football History
 Golf History
 Extras
 Immigration History
 Canadian Immigration
 Interviews: 1912 - 1960
 Jews in the 20th Century
 College Antisemitism
 Magazines
 Mahatma Gandhi
 Manners and Society
 Miscellaneous
 Modern Art
 Cubism
 Dada History
 Modigliani
 Photography
 Music History
 Big Band 1930s-1940s
 Eric Satie
 Old New York History
 President Truman
 Prohibition History
 Prohibition Cartoons
 Repeal
 Renewable Energy
 Soviet History
 Joseph Stalin
 Purges and Show Trials
 The Winter War
 Suburbia
 Tennis History
 The Environment
 The Great Depression
 NRA
 WPA
 The Kennedys
 Jackie
 The Nanny State
 Titanic History
 Dime Novels
 Weed
 Winston Churchill
 Hollywood History
 Radio History
 Animation History
 Silent Movie History
 Blacklisting
 Twentieth Century Writers
 Charlie Chaplin
 Eugene O'Neill
 D.W. Griffith
 W.B. Yeats
 Diana Barrymore
 Douglas Fairbanks & Mary Pickford
 Gone with the Wind
 Greta Garbo
 It's A Wonderful Life
 Jane Russell
 Marilyn Monroe
 Newsreels
 Talkies 1930
 Walt Disney
 Early Television
 The Nazis
 Adolf Hitler
 Allies
 American Fascism
 Death Camps
 Education
 Haj Amin Al-husseini
 Hermann Goering
 Pseudotheology
 Women
 U.S. Army Uniforms of World War One
 Overseas Caps
 Trench Coats
 UFO Sightings
 Womens Suffrage
 Woodrow Wilson
 World War One
 African-Americans
 Aftermath
 Animals
 Armistice
 Armistice Day Battle
 Artists
 Belleau Wood
 Cartoons
 Cemeteries
 Censorship
 Chateau Thierry
 Doughboys
 Draft Dodgers
 Entertainment
 Fashion
 General John Pershing
 Inventions and Weapons
 Letters
 Lusitania
 Marines
 Poetry
 Poison Gas
 Posters
 Prelude
 Prisoners of War
 Rail Guns
 Return
 Siberian Expedition
 Snipers
 Stars and Stripes Archive
 T.E. Lawrence
 Trench Warfare
 Versailles Treaty
 War Guilt
 Women
 Writing
 World War Two
 1930s Military Buildup
 African-Americans
 Aftermath
 American Traitors
 Animals
 Army Rangers
 Atomic Bombs
 Battle of Britain
 Battle of the Bulge
 Brazil
 Combat Training
 D-Day
 Fashion
 France
 General Eisenhower
 General Marshall
 German Army Studies
 German Home Front
 Hollywood
 Home Front
 Iwo Jima
 Japanese Home Front
 Japanese Soldiers
 Japanese-American Internment
 Japanese-American Service
 Kamikaze Attacks
 Medal of Honor Recipients
 North Africa
 Paratroopers
 Pearl Harbor
 Photographers
 Post-War Japan
 POWs
 Red Army
 Spying
 Submarines
 The Enola Gay
 The USO
 VE Day
 VJ Day
 WACs
 War at Sea
 War Correspondents
 Weapons and Inventions
 Women
 The Cold War
 Berlin Blockade
 Cuba
 Spies
 The Korean War
 The Vietnam War
 
<
s